{"id":1390,"date":"2018-11-06T13:46:10","date_gmt":"2018-11-06T16:46:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/?p=1390"},"modified":"2018-11-06T14:00:46","modified_gmt":"2018-11-06T17:00:46","slug":"present-perfect-tense-argentina-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/2018\/11\/06\/present-perfect-tense-argentina-problem\/","title":{"rendered":"The Present Perfect tense; the Argentinian problem"},"content":{"rendered":"<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1390-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/onee.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/onee.mp3\">https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/onee.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>When I arrived in Argentina, my Spanish was already quite advanced, as I had lived in Spain for a year, and studied the language quite a lot. Of course, I noticed a <a href=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/2018\/02\/26\/things-argentinians-say\/\">lot of obvious differences<\/a>, like being called <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\"><em>vos<\/em><\/span> instead of <em><span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">tu<\/span>. <\/em>I accustomed my ear to hear double l&#8217;s that sound more <span style=\"color: #333333;\">like <\/span><em>sh<\/em> than the typical Spanish <em>y <\/em>sound (<em>Sho me shamo Guishermo.)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>However, one thing which took longer to notice, but is equally very interesting, is the lack of one tense common to English and Spanish: the present perfect. Not a total lack &#8211; as it may still occasionally be used, and may be found in writing; but it is very uncommon despite being very common in other parts of the world.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #ef4141;\"><del><em>I am in Argentina <strong>since<\/strong> two years.<\/em><\/del><\/span><\/p>\n<p>I have been in Argentina for two years.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Because of this, it can be an extra challenge for an English teacher in Argentina to show when the present perfect should be used.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1408 \" src=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Present-perfect-1024x497.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"545\" height=\"264\" \/><\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1390-3\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/twoo.mp3?_=3\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/twoo.mp3\">https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/twoo.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>When is the Present Perfect used?<\/h2>\n<p>In English and Iberian Spanish, most uses of the present perfect are the same. Generally, it is used to refer to <span style=\"color: #808080;\"><strong>something that has happened in the past, but the specific time is not important, or not mentioned<\/strong><\/span>;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">(1)<\/span><\/strong> <em>I have seen all the Star Wars films.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Of course, this is <em>different from the simple past<\/em>, which is used in a more specific way; e.g. <em>I saw the new Star Wars film <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">yesterday<\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/em><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><strong>Notice that in the simple past we always know when the action happened.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>A secondary use of the present perfect is in <strong><span style=\"color: #808080;\">situations that began in the past, but continue into the present<\/span><\/strong>;<em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #29abe2;\"><strong>(2)<\/strong><\/span><em><span style=\"color: #29abe2;\"> <span style=\"color: #333333;\">John has worked as a barman since 2012.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>This sentence indicates that John still works as a barman. In the same way <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\"><em>Samantha has broken her leg<\/em><\/span>, suggests that Samantha still has a broken (or healing) leg.<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1390-4\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Untitled.mp3?_=4\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Untitled.mp3\">https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Untitled.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>The Argentinian Problem<\/h2>\n<p>In Argentina, and to a lesser extent, other places in Latin America, many uses of the present perfect are replaced by other tenses. As stated above, there are two main uses of the present perfect:\u00a0<span style=\"color: #29abe2;\"><strong>(1) <\/strong><span style=\"color: #333333;\">When speaking of something that has happened in the past, but the specific time isn&#8217;t mentioned, and <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\"><strong>(2) <\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #333333;\">when speaking of an action that continues into the present. Most Argentinians, especially Porte\u00f1os, (knowingly or not) avoid the present perfect in both of these cases:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">(1) <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><em>I have seen all the Star Wars films.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Iberian Spanish: <em>He visto todas las pel\u00edculas de Star Wars.<\/em><br \/>\nArgentinian Spanish: <em>V\u00ed todas las pel\u00edculas de Star Wars<\/em>.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The Iberian Spanish translation is a literal translation, using the same tense. Although this is not wrong in Argentina, it would be very common for someone to use the simple past. The English translation of this would be <em><span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">I saw all the Star Wars films<\/span>. <\/em>The only way this sentence could exist in English would be as a response to a question, like <em>what did you do yesterday?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Here are some more examples using <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">(1)<span style=\"color: #333333;\">, with the Iberian in <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">blue<\/span> and the Argentinian in <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">red<\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Have you been to Germany? <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">\u00bfHas ido a Alemania? <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">\u00bfFuiste a Alemania?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333333;\">I&#8217;ve never eaten sushi. <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">Nunca he comido sushi. <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">Nunca com\u00ed sushi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333333;\">Have you tried the salmon?<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">\u00bfHas probado el salmon? <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">\u00bfProbaste el salmon?\u00a0<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>In examples of <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">(1)<span style=\"color: #333333;\">, Argentinians choose to use a simple past verb instead of the present perfect. However, in situations of<\/span> (2)<span style=\"color: #333333;\">, speaking of actions that began in the past and continue to the present, Argentinians <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">will often just use the simple present tense<\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">(2) <span style=\"color: #333333;\">John has worked as a barman since 2012.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #29abe2;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Iberian Spanish: John ha trabajado como barman desde 2012.<br \/>\nArgentinian Spanish: john trabaja como barman desde 2012.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Here are some more examples using <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">(2)<\/span>, with the Iberian in <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">blue<\/span> and the Argentinian in <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">red<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">I&#8217;ve lived in Boston all my life. <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">He vivido en Boston durante toda mi vida. <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">Viv\u00ed en Boston toda mi vida.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333333;\">How long have you been sick? <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">\u00bfHace cu\u00e1nto has estado enferma? <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">\u00bfHace cu\u00e1nto est\u00e1s enferma?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #333333;\">I have been waiting for two hours!<span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">\u00a0\u00a1He estado esperando durante 2 horas! <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">\u00a1Hace dos horas que estoy esperando!<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1390-5\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/fourr.mp3?_=5\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/fourr.mp3\">https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/fourr.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>Similarities with UK \/ US differences<\/h2>\n<p>There are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=A0KWEAWwASQ&amp;t=289s\">some differences<\/a> in the use of the present perfect in English, too, however, these are much smaller than in Spanish.<\/p>\n<p>In fact, the main difference reflects one of the main contexts that Argentinians don&#8217;t use the present perfect, described above as example <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">(1) <span style=\"color: #333333;\">In the following examples, British English is in <span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">blue<\/span>, and US English is in <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">red<\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">Have you done your homework yet? <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">Did you do your homework yet?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">Oh no, I&#8217;ve eaten too much. <\/span>Oh no, I ate too much.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">I&#8217;ve already been to the shoe shop. <span style=\"color: #ef4141;\">I already went to the shoe store. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Americans are particularly likely to choose the simple past in sentences that contain the words <em>just, yet <\/em>or <em>already. <\/em>However, please note that the British version is still quite common in the US, especially in writing. Americans also still use the present perfect in all cases shown above as case\u00a0<span style=\"color: #29abe2;\">(2)<\/span> For these reasons, I would argue that the Iberian\/Argentinian difference is stronger than the UK\/US difference.<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1390-6\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Untitled1.mp3?_=6\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Untitled1.mp3\">https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Untitled1.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>So, what should I do with the present perfect in Argentina?<\/h2>\n<p>If you are a\u00a0<strong>Spanish learner<\/strong>, don&#8217;t worry &#8211;\u00a0 Argentinians will generally understand when the present perfect is used, despite not using it themselves. I have lived in Argentina for nearly two years, and I make no attempt to reduce the amount of present perfect I use.<\/p>\n<p>If you are an\u00a0<strong>English teacher<\/strong>\u00a0who will be teaching Argentinians, I would recommend on focussing on its uses. Although you may be accustomed to teaching without using any Spanish in class, perhaps you can make an exception while teaching the present perfect &#8211; as it may be helpful for your students to see when it is used in Iberian Spanish.<\/p>\n<p>If\u00a0you are <strong>Argentinian,<\/strong>\u00a0then attempt to learn when and how to use the present perfect! It will improve your English. Also, if you have been taught that in the US it is not used, then stop this rumour from travelling further! Argentinians &#8211; can you think of any occasion in which you would always use the present perfect? Have you had problems learning (or teaching) this tense?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>If you have any questions about using the present perfect, or if you agree or disagree with my view of Argentinians&#8217; use of this tense, then let us know in the comments section below.<\/p>\n<div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_3205\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1390-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/onee.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/onee.mp3\">https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/onee.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/onee.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/?powerpress_pinw=1390-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en-ingles.com.ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/onee.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"onee.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; When I arrived in Argentina, my Spanish was already quite advanced, as I had lived in Spain for a year, and studied the language quite a lot. Of course, I noticed a lot&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[128,253,11,5,2,6,4,3,234,127,9,12],"tags":[156,224,633,50,236,634,58,133,631,630,632,635,636,49,637,479],"class_list":["post-1390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-common-expressions","category-culture","category-education","category-english-learners","category-english-learning","category-english-resources","category-english-self-practice","category-english-tips","category-grammar","category-idioms","category-infancy","category-language-acquisition","tag-argentina","tag-argentinian","tag-continuous","tag-english","tag-grammar","tag-latin-america","tag-learn","tag-learning","tag-perfect","tag-present","tag-present-perfect","tag-preterit","tag-preterite","tag-spanish","tag-teach","tag-teacher"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Present Perfect tense; the Argentinian problem | EN Ingl\u00e9s<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"It is commonly believed that the present perfect tense isn&#039;t used in American English. 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